O&A Board Regular Registered: Oct. 00
| >An op-ed piece on yesterday's tragic events and despicable acts of
terror.The author is a professor at Brown University, and views
> represented are his.
> >>> >William O. Beeman
The United States risks a severe miscalculation in dealing with
the destruction of the World Trade Center and the attack on the
> Pentagon onTuesday. This event is not an isolated instance of violence.
This is not an "act of war." It is one symptom of a cancer that threatens to
metastasize. The root cause is not terrorist activity, as has been widely
stated. It is the relationship between the United States and the
>
Islamic world. Until this central cancerous problem is treated,
> Americans will never be free from fear.
Merely locating and hunting down a single "guilty party" in this
case will not stop future violence: such an action will not destroy the organization
of terrorist cells already established throughout the world. Of
greater importance, it will do nothing to alleviate the residual enmity against
America that will remain at large in the world, continuing to
motivate violence. The perpetrators of the original attack on the World
Trade Center in 1993 were caught and convicted. This did not stop the
attack onTuesday.
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The chief suspect is the Saudi Arabian Osama bin Laden or his
surrogates. He has been mischaracterized as an anti-American terrorist. He should
rather be thought of as someone who would do anything to protect
Islam. Bin Laden began his career fighting the Soviet occupation of Afghanistan in 1979 when he was 22 years old. He has not only resisted the Soviets but also the Serbians in Yugoslavia. His anger was directed against the
United States primarily because of the U.S. presence in the Gulf
Region, more particularly Saudi Arabia, itself the site of the most sacred Islamic religious sites.
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According to bin Laden, during the Gulf War America co-opted the rulers of
Saudi Arabia to establish a military presence in order to kill
Muslims in Iraq. In a religious decree issued in 1998, he gave religious legitimacy
to attacks on Americans in order to stop the United States from"occupying the lands of Islam in the holiest of places." His decree also
extends to Jerusalem, where the second most sacred Muslim site the al-Aqsa Mosque, stands. The depth of his historical vision is clear when, in his
decree,he characterizes Americans as "crusaders" harkening back to the Medieval
Crusades in which the Holy Lands, then occupied by Muslims, were captured by European Christians.
He will not cease his opposition until the United States leaves the region. Paradoxically, his strategy for convincing the United States to do so seems drawn from the American foreign policy playbook.
When the United States disapproves of the behavior of another nation, it "turns up
the heat" on that nation through embargoes, economic sanctions or withdrawal of diplomatic representation. In the case of Iraq following the Gulf war, America employed military action, resulting in the
loss of civilian life. The State Department has theorized that if the people of a
rogue nation experience enough suffering, they will overthrow their rulers, or compel them to adopt more sensible behavior. The terrorist actions in New York and Washington are a clear and ironic implementation of this strategy against the United States.
Bin Laden takes no credit for actions emanating from his training camps in Afghanistan. He has no desire for self-aggrandizement. A true ideologue, he believes that his mission is sacred, and he wants only to see clear
results. For this reason, the structure of his organization is essentially tribal/cellular in modern political terms. His followers are as fervent and intense in their belief as he is. They carry out their actions because they believe in the rightness of their cause, not because of bin
Laden's orders or approval. Groups are trained in Afghanistan, and then establish their own centers in places as far-flung as Canada, Africa and Europe. Each cell is technologically sophisticated, and may have a different set
of motivations for attacking the United States.
Palestinian members of his group see Americans as supporters of Israel in the current conflict between the two nations. In the Palestinian view, Ariel Sharon's ascendancy to leadership of Israel has triggered a new era,
with U.S. government officials failing to pressure the Israeli government
to end violence against Palestinians. Palestinian cell members will not
cease their opposition until the United States changes its relationship
with the Israeli state.
The Mujaheddin fighters in Lebanon also direct their hostility against Israel and the United States. They also operate against the Maronite Christian community in their own country, who were supported by the
French from World War I until the end of World War II. They will not cease their
operations until the region is firmly in Islamic hands.
Above all, Americans need to remember that the rest of the world has an
absolute right to self-determination that is as defensible as our own. A
despicable act of mayhem such as those committed in New York and
Washington is a measure of the revulsion that others feel at our
actions that seemingly limit those rights. If we perpetuate a cycle of
hate and revenge, this conflict will escalate into a war that our great-grandchildren will be fighting.
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> >>> >William O. Beeman teaches anthropology at Brown University inProvidence,Rhode Island. A specialist on Middle East Culture, he has
written extensively on fundamentalism and terrorism. He has worked for
the past four years in Tajikistan, where he has been able to monitor developments
in Afghanistan.
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Copyright 2001 William O. Beeman. This article may be
> distributed for
> >>>any
> >>> >non-commercial purpose.
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Psychopath Registered: Mar. 01
| I have to agree with some of what he said. We did not need American troops in Afghanistan. We had no reason to allow Israel to monopolize their region, IMO. We should respect their religion and get the hell out of there. We should pressure Israel to give up more. BUT, those are just my opinions. AND, that should not stop us from getting our revenge and wiping out (and by that I mean KILL) all the terrorist cells worldwide. We aren't totally blameless in this mess, BUT that does not at all excuse what just happened and does not take away our right to retribution.
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